peters



E ai" UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN E. PAGE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, AS'SIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND JAMES LANDY.

SPARK-ARRESTER.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 17,859, dated July 21, 1857.

To all 'whom it may concern.

`Be it known that I, J F. PAGE, of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and Improved Spark-Arrester to be Applied to Locomotives; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawing, making a part of this specification, said drawing being a vertical section of my improvement.

The nature of my invention consists in arranging a concave deflecting plate, within the ordinary wire gauze screens, in such a manner that a clear, open space shall exist between the same and the top and sides of the screens; and having thev screens thus furnished with deflecting plates, arranged in line with and slightly above each other so that a clear, open, horizontal, space shall Y exist between them, as presently described.

By having the deflecting plates and screens arranged as stated thesparks are caused to spread laterally and enter the jacket, and t us be placed beyond the effect of the steam or direct draft in its passage through the screens by way of the space between the defi'ecting plates and the sides of the screens. The deflecting plates arresting them in their course and spreading, and giving them a lateral direction, and the space between the bottom edge of one screen and the top of another allowing them a free and ready escape into the jacket.

If no deflecting plates were used beside the screens, as in the spark arrester patented by Holbrook in 1855, and the screens were made to overla each other as in the same patent, the spar s would certainly be carried up through each of the screens by the main draft, because before they were deflected or had fallen far enough to get out of the current they would be caught by the constantly out curing current of steam and smoke and be fted up and carried on until they esca e at the top of the stack. And again if t e parts were arranged as in the s ark arrester patented by Oberhausser 1838 instead of as in my s ark arrester the draft would be so impaire by the use of the second drum with a narrow neck, and so much inconvenience experienced in getting the sparks from the two drums of the stack, that the device would be deemed almost impracticable even if it arrested the sparks perfectly which it does not owing to thesparks being kept in the outpouring current and not allowed a chance to fall, even if deflected by the screens.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention, I will proceed to describe it. j

A represents the smoke pipe of a locomotive, which is constructed of the usual material. The upper part (a) of the smoke pipe is larger in diameter than the lower part (b), and three wire screens B, C, D are fitted within the upper and larger portion (a) of the pipe. These screens are of concave form are secured at equal distances apart and are equal in diameter to the part (a) of the pipe. The spaces between the wires of the screens should of course be suiciently small to pre- Vent the escape of sparks or cinders through them.

Just below the center screen C, a concave deflector E is secured, and a deflector F is secured in the upper part of the smaller portion (b) of the smoke pipe. The deflectors E, F, may be constructed of sheet metal and may be secured to cross pieces or strips (c) secured within the pipe. The deflectors are somewhat smaller in diameter than the parts of the pipe in which they are fitted, so that a space is allowed for the smoke and sparks to pass )upward around their edges as shown at (a The lower end of the enlarged art (a) of the pipe has openings (e) made t rough it, and side openings (f) are made through the upper part (a) of the pipe just above the screens B, C.

G is a jacket constructed of sheet metal which encompasses the pipe A and forms a chamber H to receive the sparks, cinders, etc. This jacket may be of any suitable length. Its top or upper end fits snugly around the .upper end of the pipe A.

From the above description of parts it will be seen that the sparks in passing up the pipe A will be deflected downward by the defiectors E, F, and will pass through the side o enings (f) and through the openings (e) in t e bottom ofthe part (a) of the pipe. The

lower deiiector E is intended chiefly to scatter the sparks or cinders by deflecting them downward so that they will ascend around the edges of the deflector and enter the larger portion (a) of the ipe in a scattered state and bemore read' y deflected downward by the upper deflector. The sparks or cinders pass through the openings (f) (e) into the chamber H, which may be removed from the pipe and cleaned at any time.

In the drawing the black arrows indicate the direction of the smoke, and the red arrows the direction of the sparks.

By this improvement the direct upward draft is not at all obstructed, and the objection attending the arresters hitherto used is obviated. rlhe majority of the arresters in use, all in fact which arrest the sparks thoroughly, do it at the eX ense of the draft. This is owing chiefly to t e sinuosities given the draft passage in the pipe, in order to arrest the passage of the sparks or cinders and cause them to be deflected into side passages or recesses formed for their reception.

I do not claim the arranging of a series of screens above, and so as to overlap one another, as in the spark arrester patented by Geo. Holbrook, 1835. Neither do I claim the use of two drums placed one above the other and each furnished with a screen as in the spark arrester of Johannes Oberhausser, 

